Problem Background Of Pulau Pinang

Problem Background Of Pulau Pinang Pulau Pinang or Penang is one of the unique and attractive places in Malaysia with its many cultures which make Penang one of tourists favorite places and tourists attractions. Basically, Penang is famous for their food, religions, cultures and tourism site. According to the UNESCO Worlds Heritage Site of Georgetown says that there are many religions, cultures and foods in Penang, therefore they can blend it well together to make Penang one of the well known states in Malaysia [1]. There is press statement by YB Danny Law Heng Kiang the Penang State Exco for Tourism Development and Culture said that Penang is ranked in the third place under Kuala Lumpur, and Genting Highland (Pahang) for their tourism destination in Malaysia [1]. At first, Malacca is on top of Penang as tourism destination because they receive approximately 8.9 million tourist arrival in the year 2009. Unfortunately, that statement by Datuk Seri Dr. Ng Yen Yen may be a mistake because as we can see from the table 2, Penang has more tourists arrival compare to Malacca [1]. According Britannica Concise Encyclopedia, Penang is an island with an area of 108 sq mi/280 sq km and it is known as one of the busiest ports in the past and it is located in the straits of Malacca, on the North-West Coast of Malaysia. Penang is very famous for their beautiful beaches and islands, foods, cultural, religions and many more [2]. During 16th century, Portuguese merchants Penang was travel from Goa (India) to Far East search for spices, fresh water so they stopped in Penang. In 1786, Penang was very popular among the pirates because they steal ships that cross along Straits of Malacca. At one point, Penang became popular in 18th century and at the same time, Captain Francis Light enter to Penang and start to have good relationship with the locals and also the Sultan of Kedah in 1771. Unfortunately, at that moment itself Sultan of Kedah handed Penang to Captain Francis Light in order to get protection against the threats of Burmese and Siamese. After that, they called Penang as Prince of Wales Island and after the settlement; Sultan Abdullah found out that he is being cheated by the British by not willing to offer protection thus he gathered his army to retake Penang. Lastly, after extensive years of struggling between the locals and the British, Malaysia achieves independence in 31st August 1957 and Penang is one of the 13 states. Penang now is known as Pulau Pinang [3]. What is the Culture in Penang? The cultures in Penang are very unique and most of the tourists interested to know more about Penangs culture. In 2008, the population is Penang approximately 2 million on the island and 1 million is in Seberai Prai which consists of 42% Chinese, 41% Malay, 10% for Indian and also 5% for the Peranakan or Baba Nyonya. Baba Nyonyas culture in Penang is different from Malacca. Baba Nyonyas in Malacca can speak fluent Malay whereby in Penang, the Baba Nyonyas speaks mixture of Hokkien, Malay and English and most of the Baba Nyonyas in Penang still practice their Chinese religion and ancestral worshipping [4]. Basically, language that being spoken in Penang is Malay language whereby English and the Chinese (Hokkien) also being spoken widely in Penang. And lastly the Tamil language is being spoken by the tamils among their community. Next is the religion in Penang which most of the people believes such as Buddhist, Islam, Hindu, Christian, and many more. Basically, Buddhism is one of the main religions in Penang whereby Islam still the official religion of the state. As you can see that Penangs culture is a mixture of Malay, Chinese Indian and it is very interesting for tourists attractions [4]. Furthermore, Penang is famous for their food and this is one of the Penangs cultures. The food in Penang can easily get almost everywhere and anytime in Penang. According the time magazine in 2004, Penang has been the best street food in Asia. Penang is the only place to find such a wonderful, tasty and nice food and also it is so cheap compared to Kuala Lumpur and sometimes people called Penang is the food heaven to eat. The food in Penang is an assortment of Chinese, Nyonya, Malay, India, Thai cuisine. There in Penang also famous for the hawkers food which they sell and served by the road side [4]. Besides that, one of the reason why Penang famous is because they have various of events and festivals that they celebrates such as Penang International Dragon Boat Festival, Chin-gay, Pesta Pulau Pinang, Hari Raya Aidilfitri, Thaipusam, Chinese New Year, Hungry Ghost Festival and many more. These festivals would attract many tourists from all over the world to come and experience throughout the festivals. Moreover, it would be nice if tourists from Malaysia or outside Malaysia to give support and celebrates together in these interesting events. The international dragon boat festival usually held around June and July during the school holidays. Chingay is one of the famous cultural events in penang because it is being celebrated because of the birthday of Kuan Yin or the Goodness of Mercy. Normally, this event is being celebrated every year and attracts tourists as far from United States, Japan, South Africa and also Netherlands. Chingay festival is a parade which teams of people wil l show their skills at balancing 40 foot bamboo flagpoles on their body such as heads, shoulder, hands, and knees. And lastly, Pesta Pulau Pinang is one of the cultural events that being celebrated by all races in Penang. Pesta Pulau Pinang is a carnival that being celebrated in December and it always be lively, happening and colorful carnival every year. There would have a lots of activity includes open air concerts, variety shows, food bazaars, fun fairs, pet shows, exhibitions, games and many more [5]. What is an event? Basically events is about to have a particular function or to inform our guest that when some exciting things is going to happen and going to celebrate. For example, book launches weddings, concerts, carnivals and many more. It is more like a preparations for that particular functions to make it runs smoothly and beautifully. It starts from the PA systems, music, VIP rooms, foods, red carpet, guests and many more [6]. Cultural events that being celebrated by in Penang Penang is famous for their cultures, ethnicities, foods and festivals. Penangs has so many events and festivals that being celebrated throughout the year. Hence, the entire tourist from every parts of the world celebrates together with colorful happenings events in Penang. There are few festivals that being celebrated by all races in Penang such As Chinese New Year, International Dragon Boat Festival, Penang Beach Carnival, Penang Cultural Festival, Malaysia Festival and Pesta Pulau Festivals. The purpose all these festivals are held because is to gather everyone and celebrates the harmonious and unique multi culture in Penang. Many activities are held on the festivals example fashion parades, inter-hotel competition, performance, sell handicrafts, and many more [7]. 1.2 The Problem Statement The purpose of me choosing this topic is because as we can see Penang is developing to one of the leading tourism states. Cultural and events tourism is a product which is difficult to be tested first before use, so by having the cultural events in Penang can also gives Penang recognition as a world heritage site and will be portraying the cultural diversity of Penang. On top of that, by having cultural events and festivals in Penang can analyze the number of tourists inbounds to Penang. Besides that, tourists can come over and try to experience and spread the news to everyone out there about the cultural events that being celebrated by all races in Penang. There are few popular cultural events that being celebrated such as Thaipusam, Chap Goh Meh, St. Annes festival, hungry ghost festival and many more. Basically, Penang is famous for their cultural diversity where they preserve their own traditions and performing arts. On top of that, Penang has own tradition of street culture, cel ebrations, festivals, and ethnic groups and it will be the most unforgettable moments for the tourists who come and experience the festivals. Lastly, the Visit Calendar 2010 has their plans to make Penang as the active tourism sector. Research Objectives/ Aims The objective of this proposal is: To analyze the number of tourists inbounds to Penang during the cultural events celebration. To unite all people together to celebrate cultural events in Penang to support the slogan Satu Malaysia. To investigate the number of tourists that visit Penang according their nationalities. To determine the most favorable cultural events to the least popular and why? To study the revenue or loses generated by tourists as to the cost incurred by the state government to these events. By accumulating these results, we can determine whether to sustain, preserve or to promote cultural events or festivals for the coming years. Research Questions What are the number of tourists inbound to Penang in the 2009? Should Ministry of Tourism Malaysia encourage more cultural events celebrations in order to give Penang recognition as a world heritage site? Should we preserve, promote and sustain our cultural events in Penang in order to pull more tourists from all over the world? What the pull factors are for tourists to visits Penang every year? Hypothesis Statement Hypothesis statement for this topic would be that Penangs culture has a unique attribute that brings people together by having cultural events and festivals throughout the year. To boast those cultural events and festivals requires financial capital, intellectual capital, cultural capital and also social capital to run the events [8]. The existence of cultural events makes people understand other peoples culture better so that they can understand one and another as well as supporting our Malaysias motto which is Satu Malaysia. According to Datuk Lim Guan Eng, the Chief Minister of Penang says that they have to give 100% commitment to protect, preserve, sustain and promote the cultural events in Penang so that it can bring the people together and unite the culture and celebrate it collectively. These would reflect the multiracial people and well preserve culture and heritage which is being listed in UNESCO World Cultural and Heritage Site lately [9]. In the past 6 years, there were twelve countries affected by Tsunami disaster on 26th September 2004 and one of the countries is Malaysia. There were two states in Malaysia was affected by Tsunami which is Penang and Kedah. Both these areas lost everything during the tsunami disasters. At that time, most of the people or tourists are in fear for travelling to other countries. Most of the fishermans village in Kedah is destroyed by the tsunami. On top of that, Penangs tourism slightly decline due to this unwanted disaster. The Government, Corporate, NGOs, and also individuals contribute millions of dollars to help the victims accommodation, medical and many more [9]. Furthermore, there was a change in politics, economy and society due to the tsunami disaster. Penangs economy slightly decline because lacking of tourists from outside and inside the country. Tourists afraid to come and visits Penang thus not much activity or celebrations can we held during that particular period of timer [9]. As we know that the mass media plays important roles in promoting any advertisement doesnt matter in the website or in the daily newspaper. By promoting and advertise something in the website or newspaper, radio, television and so forth may increase the number of tourists who come to Penang. This is one of the strategies to pull tourists to come to Penang after the Tsunamis tragedy. There are some advertisements that may push tourists out of their state or country to come to Penang by having Cheap Air Flight to Penang inclusive Hotel Rooms. For example, in figure 1.0 and figure 1.1 show that Air Asia offer or promotes cheap flight tickets inclusive a room for the tourists as below as Rm1.00 [10]. Tourists can choose to fly either Penang, Kuching, Kuala Lumpur, and Johor Bahru. The travelling period for the tourists is at any time in July 1st 2011 to November 10th 2011. This is because we want more tourists to come to Penang for vacation and also at the same time we can promote differ ent cultural events and festivals that are being celebrating every month [10]. Furthermore, Penang State Tourism is promoting their state as by the campaign goes Visit Penang 2010-1012. So there are many kinds of activities and events is held for example Esplanade in Action- an Evening of Cultural Performance, Penang Sakura Blossom, Chinese New Year cruise-Lili Marleen and many more. Besides that, the food is one of the attractions besides cultural events in Penang for example, Thai Food Fiesta 2010, Penang Durian and Fruits Festivals, Pesta Pulau Pinang and many more. According to Natalie Lee, one of the students from University New South Wales stated that Facebook is one of the top growing social networking in the world nowadays which has more than 140 million users in the whole world. It allows us to find and communicate with our friends and share photos, promoting tourism sites and many more. Penang promotes their tourism sites through Facebook, websites, blogs and many more to pull tourists from every parts of the world. They can share photos, promote hotel rooms, flight tickets to Penang, and update latest events in penang and promote it to all their family members, friends and many more. It is one of the best ways to promote Penang to outsiders [11]. . Theoretical/ Conceptual Framework Theoretical framework As what I have showed the conceptual framework below shows that the research is focus more on the cultural events that being celebrated by all races in Penang. It will be scoped into structural support and cultural infrastructure/ spaces for the cultural events. Next under structural support diagram it will be divided into few points such as handling promotions, ticketing, licensing, printing and distribution of flyers. Besides that, for the cultural infrastructure / spaces will be divided into two main points which is cultural hub and also communities. At the top part of the framework shows that some of the events and festivals that is being celebrated by all races in Penang. Cultural festivals that being celebrated in Penang is Pesta Pulau Pinang, Hungry Ghost Festival, Chingay, Bon Odori and many more. The purpose of celebrating these festivals is because to sustain and promote the cultural events in Penang thus promote it to tourists from every parts of the world. For the second phase of the framework, is the cultural infrastructure and spaces which can be divided into two parts which is cultural hub and communities. According to S.B.Tan, Professor School Of Art, University Sains Malaysia says that the cultural hub, is basically where the performances or festivals is going to carried out, for example museums, restaurants, and many more. Whereby, for the communities are basically about where the festivals or events should should be placed in areas where most of the people live,for example city in Georgetown or Balik Pulau. It would be much easier for the people in Penang to travel to those particular places to celebrate the events [12]. Moving on, on the third phase is the structural support for example handling promotion, ticketing, licensing, distribution flyers and printing. Scope and Limitations The scope for this study is mainly based on the Tourism Industry in Penang that is rapidly growing in this 21st century. The importance of this sector to the Malaysias economy is to pull more tourists to come and visits Penang through the 3 years campaign of the state government by promoting their VisitPenang 2010- 2012 [13]. According to hotel statistics, in 2008 [14], Penang received 6.3 million tourist inbounds excluding the excursionist who arrive on cruise or live with their family and friends. The figure is higher than previous year which is 5.1 million. Penang State Governments has a mission to target 10 million tourists in 2014 which is 4 years from now. Penangs most profitable income earner comes from tourism sector after manufacturing. According to Ministry of Tourism, Malaysia, the number of local and international tourists arrivals in Penang in 2005 is 48% international tourists whereby for the locals is 52% which comes up 4, 351,909 tourists overall. Every year, the numb er slightly increased doesnt matter it is international tourists nor local people. Regrettably, in 2009 the number of tourists declined sharply which is from 6,307,468 in 2008 but unfortunately in 2009, the number has dropped to 1,347,356 overall totals. Penang this is because Penang focuses more on developing medical tourism and eco-tourism in this few years [13]. This study will look at the statistics rate or the number of tourists come and visits Penang to celebrates and experience the cultural events and festivals thus food as well. There were limitation sources to find for this topic. To find for data and informations, researcher using Google Scholar with journals, articles, Pdftop.com, Kdu Library and online book. Some of the journals and articles need to be purchased or log in as a member in order to read the articles and journals. 1.8 Significance of the study Significance of studying this topic is to analyze the number of tourists inbounds in Penang during the cultural events celebrations whether it gives impacts towards Penangs economy or local environment. Besides that, it is important for us to know what is Penangs mission and target for the tourism sector. Currently, Penang is being ranked at no.4 in foreign and domestic tourists arrivals in Malaysia after Kuala Lumpur, Pahang and Sabah. YB Danny Law Heng Kiang, Chairman for the State Tourism Development Culture, Arts, and Heritage says that he really hopes one day Penang would be No.1 or No.2 in foreign and domestics tourists arrivals in Malaysia. According to statistics, the number of hotel guests is increasing rapidly from 68.8 million in 2008 compared to 61.6 in 2007 especially during the cultural events and festivals that being celebrated every month. It shows that the graph for tourism sector will increase every year [15]. Chapter 2 2.1 Literature Review Definition of cultural events Events are something that happens at a given place. An event is one of the top growing tourism industries and also most thrilling and yet it is connected to leisure. One of the reason why so many countries keeps on promoting their events so that they can pull more tourists from every parts of the world to come and visits their country. Basically, an event is more to persuade tourists to come or participate during their events and also can makes them stay longer in that particular area. According to Getz, events are one of the important roles in tourism industry because it can attract more tourists thus to fill up their free during their visits to that particular country (1991). Most of the tourists expects for festivals, events or attractions in a tourism destination. Events or festivals also can intensify tourists experience and perhaps can make tourists stay longer thus persuade them to extend their holidays in particular tourism destinations (Getz, 1991). Cultural events basically are for religious, public events such as arts, performances, crafts demonstrations, and many more (Richards, 1996).All the small towns are actively has cultural events for profit, or to boost the tourism industry (Goldblatt, 2002). Most of the tourists are attracted to unique cultural events and somehow they will participate when the event is held. Organizers would make the cultural events livelier to ensure that the tourists meet their satisfaction during the festivals thus to make sure that they gets more profit from the tourists. Why is it so because to increase the tourism industry and to promote our country to worldwide. 2.2 Statistics Rate Tourists Come to Penang Statistics plays important role in counting the number of tourists inbounds in Penang 2005 2009. How many tourists have been visiting Penang? To calculate and determine the actual statistics requires big costs of money to collect data, to analyze and to present it to the state government. The number of tourists visiting Penang announced by the Tourism Ministry is based on immigration cards filled with their profiles at the by visitors and have to show it at the port of entry. Tourists are freely to move everywhere within the country unless visitors did bad mistakes. According to Penang State Government, Penang has their own statistics rate number of international and local tourists arrivals in Penang in 2005 to march 2009. Within these 5 years, overall total number of tourists either locals or international is about 21, 881,848 people arrived in Penang .In 2005 the local tourists arrival is about 2,267532 people whereby the international tourists approximately about 2,084,377 people. Furthermore, the overall total number of tourists in 2006 is about 4,688,504 people which are in percentages 54% of local tourists and 46% of international visitors. Moving on, the overall total number of tourists arrivals in Penang in 2007 has increasing compared to year before which is 2006 which is 5,186,611 tourists. Among the 5 years between 2005- 2009, the highest amount of tourists arrival is in 2008 which is 6,307,468 visitors in percentages it would be 55% for the locals and 45% for the international tourists inbounds in Penang. Finally, in 2009 the total n umber of tourists inbounds in Penang was sharply dropped from 6,307,468 tourists in previous year whereby in 2009 the overall total number of tourists is 1,347,356 visitors arrivals in Penang (2010). As stated by the Tourism Minister, Datuk Seri Ng Yen Yen, tourists arrivals in 2009 has dropped from 6,307,468 to 1,347,356 tourists due to the Influenza a (H1N1) scare. On the other hand, international tourists from Europe and United Kingdom remained the same. She stated that the tourists are safe as health authorities helps to prevent the spread of the disease towards the tourists. On top of that, Datuk Ng.Yen Yen had a discussion with the directors of 44 Tourism Malaysia regarding promotional plans to persuade tourists to visits Malaysia because Malaysia is one of the countries safe from Influenza H1N1 (Bernama). As mentioned earlier, Malacca overtakes Penang as tourists destination in 2009. Statistics shows that tourists arrival in Penang dropped from 6.3 million in 2008 to 1.3 million in 2009. Compared Penang to Malacca, Penang has a lot and good accessibility and products for example foods, beaches, cultures, and many more. Datuk Seri Dr. Ng Yen Yen strictly wants the state government to do something in order to increase more tourists in 2010. She suggested that Penang has a potential to become one of the countrys leading tourists destination because Penang has 191 flights from 12 international airlines flying in Penang. Besides that, she recommend that state government should put more initiative in hiring well-trained tourists guides which experts in the field of Penang history and heritage. These tour guides, service counters, and restaurant employees should know very well and are able to share the history and stories behind heritage buildings. In this way, we can give the visitors speci al services and make them satisfy during their visits to Penang (Y.Y.Ng, Nov, 2010). 2.3 The Economic and Social cultural Impacts on Cultural Events in Penang According to Gawler Visitor Information Centre, cultural events is one of the most exciting festival celebrations that can pulls many tourists from every parts of the world to make revenues in the economy of tourism industry . On top of that, behind the significant of cultural events, it has its economic and also socio cultural impacts on cultural events in Penang. There are few factors will indicate the economic and socio cultural impacts on cultural events in Penang. Economic impacts on cultural events in Penang As stated above, there are few factors that show the economic impacts on cultural events in Penang and it can be divided into negative and positive. Negative economic impacts on cultural events in Penang are the revenue or loses generated by tourists as to the cost incurred by the state government to these events. According to Priscilla, Penang tourism sector requires approximately RM 50 million for tourism in Penang. Based on 2008 statistics, there were 6.3 million tourists arrivals in Penang and as what the Chief Minister said that RM 500,000 is not enough for the tourism to conduct an activities and events especially which is connected to the infrastructure, promotions, and also improving the facilities (2010). The RM 50 million are required in order to have events, festivals, upgrading the quality of beaches and many more as now Penang is the third highest contribution state in tourism sector. According to Ministry of Tourism Malaysia, in 2009, the tourists arrivals in Penang has dropped to 1.3 million due to the influenza H1N1 thus there were loses generated by tourists as to the high amount of cost incurred by the state government to these tourism sector (2010). The money that they use to upgrading the facilities, promotions, events and festivals is not balance with how much money the tourists spend during their visits to Penang thus it would be a lose for Penang. The positive economy impacts on cultural impacts in Penang are can increase the tourism economy and society development in Penang (Jafari, 2000). Positive impacts on cultural events in Penang would be the job opportunities in Penang. In 2008, hotels in Penang received approximately 6.3 million tourists which are locals and also international compared to 2007 about 5.1 million tourists arrivals in Penang. The statistics shows that there was slightly increase of 1.2 million visitors arrivals which would indicate that there are so many job opportunities out there for the people who really need to w ork (Administrator III, 2009). This is say that they need more labors to work in such places like hotels, restaurants, tour guides, and many more. Moving on, in 2010, Penang Tourism Minister target 10 million tourists arrivals in 2014. Indirectly says that they need more employment to work in this industry (Administrator III, 2010). Socio Cultural Impacts on Cultural Events in Penang In this part of literature review, one of the socio cultural impacts on cultural events in Penang is diplomatic relations. According to The Star Online, Penang Government and Russian Embassy are thinking to organize a Russian cultural event every year in order to remembrance of the Russian battleship (Zhemchug) close by Penang coast during the World War. Vorobyeva Lyudmila Georgievna the new Russian ambassador said that their sailors weve been buried in Western Cemetery on Jalan Utama in Penang Island and Pulau Jerejak. Besides that, she also expresses her gratitude to Penang State because the help to clean and uphold those 12 sailors that have been buried in Western Cemetery. Furthermore, she spoke to Datuk Seri Lim Guan Eng and said that it would be much better to organize a Russian cultural event in Penang every year. She suggests that the Russian cultural event would have interesting Russian folk performances, classical, Russian music, and also Russian food as well. Thus, Malaysi a can have bond relationships Russian and with the Russian cultural event it would help to encourage more Russian tourists to come to Penang in the future (2010). Conclusion In conclusion, cultural events are one of the pull factors to bring in tourists from every parts of the world regardless the international or the local tourists. To have such cultural events or festivals can increase our economy in tourism sector thus Penang can be one of the states to be recognize internationally with the uniqueness and amazing beaches, nice foods, great heritage and many more. The existence of cultural events can also promote and bond relationships between the locals and visitors by having lots of activities and know how to appreciate different cultures, religion and race. Chapter 3 Research design and methodology 3.1 Overview In Chapter 3, there will be 5 main points to highlight in this sample proposal. In the first part of this topic is the general idea on the research design and methodology. Next, it is the elaboration about the introduction of the research proposal. Basically, it talks about the purpose of doing this topic and explanation about the cultural events that s being celebrated by all races in Penang. Moving on, there will be a research design in this chapter 3 such as investigating the population and the sampling techniques that is going to apply. After that, it will be explanation regarding the procedures of data collection and data analysis which will be divided into 2 sections which is primary data and secondary data. And lastly, there will be a short explanation about the questionnaires design. Reff Administrator III (2009) boost in Penang tourists arrivals http://www.visitpenang.gov.my/portal3/penang-tourism-news/539-boost-in-penang-tourist-arrivals.html Administrator III (2010) Speech by The Rt Hon Mr Lim Guan Eng, Chief Minister of Penang- Launch of the Penang Investment Tourism Office (PITO), Singapore http://www.visitpenang.gov.my/portal3/penang-tourism-news/1187-speech-by-the-rt-hon-mr-lim-guan-eng-chief-minister-of-penang-launch-of-the-penang-investment-tourism-office-pito-singapore.html PRISCILLA DIELENBERG (2010) CM: Penang needs RM50mil for tourism http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?sec=nationfile=/2010/4/18/nation/20100418170830 Ministry of tourism Malaysia (2010)NUMBER OF TOURIST ARRIVALS FROM TEN LEADING COUNTRIES TRANSITING THROUGH PENANG AIRPORT 2004 2008 http://www.penang.gov.my/index.php?ch=16pg=44lang=eng Jafari, J. (2000). APEC international tourism symposium: the scientification of tourism. 65 Korea Tourism Policy, summer, Vol.2, No.3, 56-59. Seoul: Korea tourism Research Institute (KTRI). http://www2.uwstout.edu/content/lib/thesis/2002/2002kwonh.pdf Tourism facts sheet gawler visitor tourism centre http://www.gawler.sa.gov.au/webdata/resources/files/5_Gawler_Impacts_Tourism.PDF The star online (2010) Annual Russian fest proposed http://thestar.my/metro/story.asp?file=/2010/11/6/north/7320843sec=north

Basketball Junkie by Chris Herren and Bill Reynolds Essay

The book â€Å"basketball Junkie† is a Fantastic book it really is. This book is about a hometown high school superstar named Chris Herron on his journey from Fall River Massachusetts all the way to the Boston garden. Chris lived the dream of every kid who has ever bounced a basketball in their drive way. His accomplishments I believe is what really dragged me into the story. Just the fact that he wasn’t just an ordinary junkie from the streets that wrote a memoir. He was a basketball player that made it to the pros. I feel that gave it the edge just being up there compared to the best players such as Allen Iverson Jermaine o Neil and Kobe Bryant. Basketball Junkie was truly was an interesting story. Chris put it all out there. Herren talks about his substance abuse in brutally honest detail. He describes how his drug addictions caused him his basketball career and almost his life. How his NBA trip was short live as he spent more time chasing his next drug buy then working on his jump shot. Chasing what started out as Alcohol then to coke then to oxy cotton then to heroin caused his NBA career to fizzle out. How I related to the story was basically the same the story was told expect from another view. I witnessed a great basketball not as big as Chris Herren but good enough to get his name out there and play college basketball. This kid was great just like Chris a good person with many thing ahead in his life. Toward the end of his senior year I don’t know what you would call it. But I would say going down the wrong hanging with wrong crowd. That when he made the same mistake Chris made when he started. One thing lead to another just like Chris said in the book trying it once opened doors to other drugs. Unfortunately neither this kid nor Chris was able to close these doors. This was upsetting to watch so I could just imagine for a big superstar like this one. What there brothers were going through and the people who watched and taught Chris how to play. His coaches and people that helped Chris build up to this must have been so heartbroken. This story was really deep because you can tell that he wasn’t very appreciative of his life and accomplishments. He tells his nightmare on no matter what was going on he would always have to put his addiction first because the drug made him feel as if he couldn’t function otherwise. He also talks about his all-time low but I will let you figure out what that is in the book. This really made me feel bad for him. He wanted to be better but he couldn’t. Chris herren were stuck in a decade long nightmare of addiction. That ruined him causing him to get seven felonies and to overdose four times in his life time. One time his addiction actually leaving him dead for thirty seconds long. Overall I really enjoyed â€Å"Basketball Junkie†. I felt like in really brought me inside the life of a junkie addicted to drugs. He really put it out there. He gave his inside thoughts and feeling and how he needs drugs to function. Chris Herren saying this meant a lot even he was this big time basketball player in rolling stone, sport illustrator and all that. He still manages to get caught up in this lifestyle. â€Å"Basketball Junkie† inspired me to never take any chances for granted and to never let bad influences to get in between my future.

Decision Making

These decisions can be as routine as when to get out of bed, hat to eat for lunch, or when to exercise, or decisions can be as significant as what career to pursue or where to live. Whether making a decision about something fairly routine or a major life event, making good decisions takes time, practice, and conscious thought. Definition of Decision Making Decision making is the process of choosing what to do by considering the possible consequences of different choices (Brockman & Russell, 2009; Walker, 2001 a).The decision making process is a tool that can help you or your family members reach goals, gain greater control ver your life, and help you be more satisfied with the quality of your life (Walker, 2001 b). Factors Influencing Decision Making Making decisions can be complex because of the large amount of factors that Influence the declslon making process (Brockman & Russell, 2009). Some factors are specific to you as an Individual such as your values, goals, and priorities. O ther factors are external such as When making decisions it is important to understand how these influences impact the process.Goal setting is important to the decision making rocess because it can help determine options and set a course of action. Specifically, goals are the end result that an individual, family, or community works toward (Walker, 2001). Goals can be divided into short-term and long-term. Short-term goals are defined as something you hope to achieve within six months, while long-term goals are something you hope to achieve in a time period longer than six months. An example of a short-term goal is organizing your home office space, and an example of a long-term goal is saving money for a new car.Personal values also impact decision making. Values are something you believe that impacts your behavior. Examples of values include honesty, education, good health, or financial security. Values help determine Extension is a Division of the Institute of Agriculture and Natu ral Resources at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln cooperating with the Counties and the United States Department of Agriculture. University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension educational programs abide with the nondiscrimination policies of the University of Nebraska- Lincoln and the United States Department of Agriculture. 2012, The Board of Regents of the University of Nebraska on behalf of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension. All rights reserved. options and consequences of options in the decision making process. For example, if you highly value financial security, you will make decisions that will include having adequate savings and/or keeping expenses to a minimum. Steps of the Decision Making Process 1. State the problem or situation. The decision making process begins with a situation or problem to be addressedor solved. It can be helpful to write down the problem. 2. Consider your goals and values.The goals you set or yourself are influenced by your values. Knowing you r values and goals will help you determine what is desired. 3. Determine the options. Look for as many options as possible to solve your problem or situation. Be creative as you think about options. The more options you think of, the more likely it is that you will find a solution that fits your situation. When thinking about options, seek out information from friends, 4. Consider the consequences or list the pros and the cons of each option. In this step it is helpful to think about the positive and negative outcomes of doing ach option.To help you determine the pros and cons of each option, consider your personal goals and values and what resources, such as time, money, or knowledge, will be needed. Then, list the pros and cons of each option. 5. Select the best option. Based on the positive and negative consequences of each alternative, select the option that best fits your goals, values, and available resources. 6. Act upon the decision. After making a decision it is important t o put that decision into action. It can be helpful to create action steps listing how you plan to arry out your decision. . Accept responsibility. When you make a decision it is important to accept responsibility for that decision and the consequences that are associated with it. 8. Evaluate the results. The last step of the process is to analyze the results or outcomes of your decision. This analysis will help you determine the effectiveness of the decision making process. Helping Others Make Decisions Making good decisions is important not only for you but for your family. Helping others learn to make good decisions is an important life skill you can teach.For xample, helping a young child make a decision about eating fruits and vegetables gives them practice in making decisions. The more often young people engage in the steps of the decision making process, the better they will be at using them. Here are some tips for helping young children and youth use the decision making proce ss: Practice making decisions in situations they encounter daily, such as what to eat for school lunch. Make decisions, using the process, as a family. For example, decide where to go for vacation or what gift to give a grandparent for their birthday.Share with children how you use the decision making process in your life and how you evaluate your decisions. Have your child or family member set short-term and long term goals to help the decision making Conclusion: Making decisions is a part of daily living. Using the decision making process can help individuals and families reach goals, use resources wisely, and contribute to a healthy lifestyle. Resources: You can learn more about the decision making processdiscussed in this lesson in the following materials Brockman, M. S. , & Russell, S. T. (2009). Decision-making/ easoning skills.Building Partnerships for Youth: National 4-H Council and the University of Arizona Walker, K. (2001 a). Decision Making, K-State Research and Extensio n, Manhattan, KS Walker, K. (2001 b). Goal Setting. K-State Research and Extension, Manhattan, KS Walker, K. , Torres, Nayda, Turner, J. (2006). Make up Your Mind†lmproving Your Decision Making Skills. University of Florida IFAS Extension, Gainesville, FL Source: Steps of the Decision Making Process adapted from: Make up Your Mind† Improving Your Decision Making Skills, University of Florida IFAS Extension.The Board of Regents of the University of Nebraska. All rights reserved. The Steps of the Decision Making Process Decision Making Process Worksheet 2. 3. 4. 5. State the problem or situation. Consider your goals and values. Determine the options. Consider the consequences or list the pros and the cons of each option. Select the best option. 7. Accept responsibility. 8. Evaluate the results. Steps of the decision making process adapted from: Make up Your Mind†lmproving Your Decision Making Skills, University of Florida IFAS Extension. Decision Making These decisions can be as routine as when to get out of bed, hat to eat for lunch, or when to exercise, or decisions can be as significant as what career to pursue or where to live. Whether making a decision about something fairly routine or a major life event, making good decisions takes time, practice, and conscious thought. Definition of Decision Making Decision making is the process of choosing what to do by considering the possible consequences of different choices (Brockman & Russell, 2009; Walker, 2001 a).The decision making process is a tool that can help you or your family members reach goals, gain greater control ver your life, and help you be more satisfied with the quality of your life (Walker, 2001 b). Factors Influencing Decision Making Making decisions can be complex because of the large amount of factors that Influence the declslon making process (Brockman & Russell, 2009). Some factors are specific to you as an Individual such as your values, goals, and priorities. O ther factors are external such as When making decisions it is important to understand how these influences impact the process.Goal setting is important to the decision making rocess because it can help determine options and set a course of action. Specifically, goals are the end result that an individual, family, or community works toward (Walker, 2001). Goals can be divided into short-term and long-term. Short-term goals are defined as something you hope to achieve within six months, while long-term goals are something you hope to achieve in a time period longer than six months. An example of a short-term goal is organizing your home office space, and an example of a long-term goal is saving money for a new car.Personal values also impact decision making. Values are something you believe that impacts your behavior. Examples of values include honesty, education, good health, or financial security. Values help determine Extension is a Division of the Institute of Agriculture and Natu ral Resources at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln cooperating with the Counties and the United States Department of Agriculture. University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension educational programs abide with the nondiscrimination policies of the University of Nebraska- Lincoln and the United States Department of Agriculture. 2012, The Board of Regents of the University of Nebraska on behalf of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension. All rights reserved. options and consequences of options in the decision making process. For example, if you highly value financial security, you will make decisions that will include having adequate savings and/or keeping expenses to a minimum. Steps of the Decision Making Process 1. State the problem or situation. The decision making process begins with a situation or problem to be addressedor solved. It can be helpful to write down the problem. 2. Consider your goals and values.The goals you set or yourself are influenced by your values. Knowing you r values and goals will help you determine what is desired. 3. Determine the options. Look for as many options as possible to solve your problem or situation. Be creative as you think about options. The more options you think of, the more likely it is that you will find a solution that fits your situation. When thinking about options, seek out information from friends, 4. Consider the consequences or list the pros and the cons of each option. In this step it is helpful to think about the positive and negative outcomes of doing ach option.To help you determine the pros and cons of each option, consider your personal goals and values and what resources, such as time, money, or knowledge, will be needed. Then, list the pros and cons of each option. 5. Select the best option. Based on the positive and negative consequences of each alternative, select the option that best fits your goals, values, and available resources. 6. Act upon the decision. After making a decision it is important t o put that decision into action. It can be helpful to create action steps listing how you plan to arry out your decision. . Accept responsibility. When you make a decision it is important to accept responsibility for that decision and the consequences that are associated with it. 8. Evaluate the results. The last step of the process is to analyze the results or outcomes of your decision. This analysis will help you determine the effectiveness of the decision making process. Helping Others Make Decisions Making good decisions is important not only for you but for your family. Helping others learn to make good decisions is an important life skill you can teach.For xample, helping a young child make a decision about eating fruits and vegetables gives them practice in making decisions. The more often young people engage in the steps of the decision making process, the better they will be at using them. Here are some tips for helping young children and youth use the decision making proce ss: Practice making decisions in situations they encounter daily, such as what to eat for school lunch. Make decisions, using the process, as a family. For example, decide where to go for vacation or what gift to give a grandparent for their birthday.Share with children how you use the decision making process in your life and how you evaluate your decisions. Have your child or family member set short-term and long term goals to help the decision making Conclusion: Making decisions is a part of daily living. Using the decision making process can help individuals and families reach goals, use resources wisely, and contribute to a healthy lifestyle. Resources: You can learn more about the decision making processdiscussed in this lesson in the following materials Brockman, M. S. , & Russell, S. T. (2009). Decision-making/ easoning skills.Building Partnerships for Youth: National 4-H Council and the University of Arizona Walker, K. (2001 a). Decision Making, K-State Research and Extensio n, Manhattan, KS Walker, K. (2001 b). Goal Setting. K-State Research and Extension, Manhattan, KS Walker, K. , Torres, Nayda, Turner, J. (2006). Make up Your Mind†lmproving Your Decision Making Skills. University of Florida IFAS Extension, Gainesville, FL Source: Steps of the Decision Making Process adapted from: Make up Your Mind† Improving Your Decision Making Skills, University of Florida IFAS Extension.The Board of Regents of the University of Nebraska. All rights reserved. The Steps of the Decision Making Process Decision Making Process Worksheet 2. 3. 4. 5. State the problem or situation. Consider your goals and values. Determine the options. Consider the consequences or list the pros and the cons of each option. Select the best option. 7. Accept responsibility. 8. Evaluate the results. Steps of the decision making process adapted from: Make up Your Mind†lmproving Your Decision Making Skills, University of Florida IFAS Extension. Decision Making Decision Making Based on Mission and Vision of an Organization This case study deals with leadership, decision making, and effective communication. Also, how important it is for a President and the staff to work together in a team to solve a problem. Not every decision is the correct resolution, but there are better decisions made when there is a group effort. This discussion will be completed through an analysis of the case study on decision making based on Mission and Vision of an Organization.This discussion will determine the best decision making method, the final decision by the President, and how the decision will be communicated to the staff and the public. Community Medical Center is a medical facility dedicated to providing quality patient care with unrelenting attention to clinical excellence, patient safety and an unparalleled passion and commitment to assure the very best healthcare for those we serve. The decision for the President to decide about the case of an operatin g room nurse, who may have HIV/AIDS, would definitely be a difficult decision.The President needs to provide a news release in 24 hours, and this will put more pressure on making a quick resolution. This would be a difficult task and there is not much time to make a decision. The best solution would be to review the mission statement that the President has utilized, and review the decision making models that will help influence the best decision. Also, a meeting would need to take place with the staff to help decide the best way in figuring out a solution in 24 hours.The decision making models that will help the President in this situation are the Willful Choice Decision-Making Model and the Garbage Can Model. These models will help identify the issue and determine potential solutions. The Willful Choice Decision-Making Model is the first recommendation to help the President and the staff in determining the best solution. According to Johnson (2009) here are the six steps of the wil lful choice model. 1. Identify the problem 2. Collect data 3. List all possible solutions 4. Text possible solutions 5. Select the best course of action . Implement the solution based on the decision made (Johnson, 2009, p. 215). This is a very systematic approach that can help the President focus on the key issues in the decision making process. The problem is the nurse who contracted HIV/AIDS and how the hospital is at risk of losing the staff, and patients who will be transported to Community Medical Center’s local rival hospital. The President could gather the data and determine the outcome from each solution. The options are to remove the nurse from his position by relocating the employee to a non-patient area.Although, the nurse refused this offer and wants to continue working the same position. This appears to be an acceptable offer and the employee would continue working and receiving the same pay. The President and the staff would need to select the best course of ac tion, and implement the solution within 24 hours. Another problem is the concern of national media exposure by a main local newspaper. This would cause a major concern by patients and families and hurt the strong reputation of the hospital and the quality of the medical care (Johnson, 2009).The President and the staff have a dilemma where it appears that either option will affect the hospital, staff, and patients. In addition, there is only 24 hours to come up with a decision. Next, the members of the organization need to determine the best course of action, and to implement the best solution. There are four basic principles that are made by choice. They are unambiguous, probability and knowledge of consequences, a rational and consistent priority system for alternative ordering, and heuristics or decision rules to choose an alternative (Johnson, 2009, p. 15). The President and the staff need to look at what the consequences will be for each scenario. They can make a decision by ana lyzing both situations and determine the probability for each consequence. The President needs to communicate effectively with the staff and this individual needs to be an active listener when deciding how to resolve this problem. The team needs to be able to voice their opinion, and everyone needs to agree with their final decision. If the President needs to provide a news release, He would need to have the ability to communicate effectively.The team needs to do crisis communication planning before the crisis occurs, and be prepared to deal with the world reporting on this crisis (Anonymous, 2010). The decision will be a collectivistic assumption. Since, the decision will be made by a group, and everyone in the staff will have a chance to voice their opinion (Johnson, 2009). The objective is a group consensus, and each person has the ability to communicate and make a difference in the organization.Teams that have more functional interaction, such as problem-solving interaction and action planning, were significantly more satisfied with their meetings (Kauffeld, Lehmann-Willenbrock, 2012). The President is not making the decision alone, and a team that has the ability to problem solve will make better choices. The decision made by the President is based on what the team has expressed, and the resolution would not cause any layoffs. The hospital has a great reputation providing quality care to the patients, and they want to continue providing the same service, and the hospital does not want to lose millions of dollars.The President and the members have decided to continue with the offer by relocating the nurse to a non-patient area. The employee would still have a position in the hospital and receive the same pay and working hours. This is a better decision than terminating the nurse. After reviewing the options, this was the best solution for Community Medical Center in continuing their reputation for the patients and residents in the area. This decision could have a downfall, but I think with that the team made a best decision for this issue.If the members decided to not make any changes with the nurse, the hospital would have lost millions of dollars, many effective employees who made a difference in the community. The President and the members made a decision and not every decision is the most desirable, but a group decision is better than one decision. It takes effective communication, problem solving, and working in a team to come up with the best resolution. This case study showed how to have effective communication within an organization. It takes a team to work together and utilize the decision making models.The staff needs to problem solve effectively, even if there is only a limited amount of time. The President needs to have clear communication, and have the ability in being an active listener. The decisions that are made by team may not always be correct, but there are better resolutions as a group than making decisions just from the President. When a President has a vision and a mission statement, a company has a clear path and the employees will have a better understanding of the direction for the organization. A mission statement is a great way to clarify the intentions of a company.References Johnson, J. (2009). Health organizations: Theories, behavior, and development. Boston: Jones and Bartlett. Kauffeld S, Lehmann-Willenbrock N. Meetings Matter: Effects of Team Meetings on Team and Organizational Success. Small Group Research [serial online]. April 2012;43(2):130-158. Available from: Business Source Elite, Ipswich, MA. Accessed April 2, 2013. What's your advice for communicating in a crisis? (2010). Communication World, 27(4), 13-13. Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com/docview/519657390? accountid=32521

Personal Statement on Psychology - 780 Words

I have always been interested in the way people act and what affects their behaviour in social situations. From studying psychology at A-level this passion and fascination has grown so much so that I now want to complete a degree in psychology to further my knowledge into human behaviour and what motivates a person to show this behaviour. From studying Piliavin during my A-level course I learnt about the ‘diffusion of responsibility’ which helped me understand why people are lacking in motivation to help a person in need, this theory became particularly interesting to me when a customer at work who had special needs broke down crying because she had lost a key to her house, other customers in the shop fled and refused to help her if I had not learnt about Piliavin this behaviour would have shocked and confused me but I now understand why a person feels this behaviour is necessary and their only option. Therefore I think that psychology is vital in society and everyday li fe as human behaviour is always being analysed by others and so psychology is fundamental to be able to understand the human mind in a variety of situations and to fully understand why people think and act the way they do. During my A-level subjects I have become intrigued about social psychology and I believe this is represented through the work I have completed. This is particularly present when I completed my Extended Project Qualification in which I chose a subject which focused on my two mainShow MoreRelatedEducational Psychology Personal Statement896 Words   |  4 Pages​When I declared a psychology major during the second year of my undergraduate career, my objective was to attend medical school and eventually become a psychiatrist. I enjoyed the psychology classes in which I was enrolled and found them to compliment the premed curriculum I also wanted to study. I reasoned that a major in psychology would provide insight that could later be useful in my planned studies of psychiatry. Although I decided against going to medical school, psychology remained the primaryRead MorePersonal Statement On Clinical Psychology867 Words   |  4 PagesClinical Psychology Rough Draft My academic, personal, and job experiences have propelled me to pursue a Master’s Degree in Clinical Psychology. Through joining the Minority Biomedical Research Support- Research Initiative for Scientific Enhancement (MBRS-RISE) program, taking psychology courses, and working as a behavioral interventionist, I have acquired work and research experience needed to pursue a graduate degree. My immediate goal is to pursue a Master’s degree in clinical psychology with emphasisRead MorePersonal Statement For A Career In Psychology944 Words   |  4 Pagesstate, and make up 18.5 percent of the adult population. This means that almost one in five individuals in the US suffer from a mental disorder. These statistics are unnerving, and it is part of the reason I wish to pursue a career in the field of psychology. Becoming a psychiatrist or a psychologist and being able to make a difference in as many lives as possible is a massive aspiration of mine. My desire is simply that I get the opportunity to touch the lives of people that are unfortunate or comeRead MorePersonal Statement : Psychology And Sociology1902 Words   |  8 PagesAs a junior in high school, I have recently become interested in psychology. While studying psychology/sociology this previous year, I have become drawn to the topic of human potential. After gathering what I have learned, it turns out most people want to live their life to the fullest by becoming all they can be. To reach this fulfillment of a higher/better self is known as self-actualization. A major problem for many people today is reaching their full potential, although the potential alreadyRead MoreThe Need For Total Elimination Is Unjustified1122 Words   |  5 PagesPaul Churchland argues for the total elimination as opposed to smooth reduction of folk psychology with materialistic sciences to replace it in â€Å"Eliminative Materialism and The Propositional Attitudes,† on grounds that folk psychology is a theory that is primarily flawed due to a severe lack of explanatory power. Additionally has a bad historical trend of retreat and lack of progress, and does not fit well with prominent physical sciences. I will explain his argument in this paper, evaluate it forRead MoreGraduate Programs Comparison1324 Words   |  6 Pagesinterested in researching. For each program, answer the following questions. School 1: University of California, Los Angeles Graduate Program Name: Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology 1 List the admission requirements for graduate studies in psychology. Universitys minimum requirements: i. All applicants are expected to submit a statement of purpose. ii. Admission is for Fall Quarter only and on a full-time basis only. iii. Applications must be complete and received by the department by the deadlineRead MoreStatement Of Faith, And One Baptism888 Words   |  4 PagesStatement of Faith I believe in one Lord, one faith, and one baptism (Ephesians 4:5-6), and that I belong to Him in every aspect of my life. I believe that in Grace, He died on the cross and rose from the grave, and this constitutes the resurrection of Jesus Christ (I Corinthians 15:4). I believe Jesus was the ultimate sacrifice, the perfect (without blemish) sacrifice for our sins (Colossians 1:22; I Peter 1:19). I came to know of Jesus at a young age, but developed a close personal relationshipRead More11381 Words   |  5 PagesIt? Journal Psychology (S2958282) Faith Eke Points possible:  30 Date: ____________ Answer the questions below. When you are finished, turn in your assignment for grading. Use complete sentences and answer each part of the assignment. 1. Think of a time in your life when someone you know was having difficulty. Using that example, choose the statement from the list below that seems most true. Then, for the statement you choose, write which perspective or branch from psychology (humanistic, positiveRead MoreThe Secret Language Of Clinical Psychology972 Words   |  4 Pagesof Clinical Psychologists. The article, Women Entering Clinical Psychology: Q-Sort Narratives of Career Attraction of Female Clinical Psychology Trainees in the UK was published on September nineteenth, 2011 by Martyn Baker and Jen Nash. This article discusses about a vast amount of women in the UK are attracted to the clinical psychology workforce. This article is on a study that tests how the women are attracted to clinical psychology through the use of five narratives of attraction. This articleRead MoreEssay on Exploring International Psychology1045 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction In researching the ancient roots of international psychology, I found that I gravitated with special interest to the ancient roots of Greek, Chinese and Indian psychology. In this research, I found myself replaying a statement I read when learning about the hypothesis regarding the history of psychology. This statement is â€Å" It may be possible that parts of history have indeed been chaotic whereas other parts have been linear and progressive and still others have been cyclical† (King

The Birth of 8th Grade Essay Samples

The Birth of 8th Grade Essay Samples Pets should be permitted in school. Students learn how to write effectively when they write more frequently. Most students have the ability to finish this task without help. Drunk drivers ought to be imprisoned on the very first offense. Therefore, many students and employees decide to acquire affordable essay rather than writing it themselves. Company and industry failure. The New Fuss About 8th Grade Essay Samples Nowadays it includes broad array of media and internet sources also. You could also get in touch with your writer to supply some additional recommendations or request information regarding the order's progress. Citations and extracts from assorted sources have to be formatted properly. If you are fortunate enough to land the ideal site, you will surely find several topics that are worth note. Key Pieces of 8th Grade Essay Samples It is vital to pay exclusive attention to the opening sentence. As soon as it is great in the event the topic gestates out of your own head, it's always alright to have a peek at a number of the sample thoughts and topics. From its name, you might guess you should have a crystal clear picture of a specific thing so as to offer your reader with a very clear and concise explanation. And this isn't the close of the story yet. The Do's and Don'ts of 8th Grade Essay Samples Your conclusion is easily the most significant part your writing piece. It's known that each terrific thing starts with small measures. You've got zero idea where you're. Likewise, it has to be logically complete and express a particular idea. The cost of an essay is dependent upon the quantity of effort the writer has to exert. Your reader will observe all details throughout the prism of your ideology. If you discover that the writer did not provide precisely what you expected, request a revision, and we'll make the corrections. Writing a narrative essay is all about telling a story using your initial voice. I appreciate all comments or feedback. If you don't feel you have sufficient ideas about how to proceed with the essay, it's prudent to drop the topic straight out. This report should be written in the 3rd individual. To begin with, you should secure the significance of the expository essay definition and select the topic you understand well or at least find it interesting to find out more about. Ideally, there shouldn't be any limits concerning the topics you may want to cover in your eight grade essays, on account of the freedom of speech in this nation. Our life is about words. Islam is the and increasing religion, and the 2nd biggest religion on the planet. Assume which you're dwelling in a society which has no law. State standards do change somewhat, but you can be certain that writing will be prominent. Farmers who may no longer afford their prior lives would be discovered in western California. Writing is among the most effective modes of self-expression, and additi onally it is a remarkably effective means to help your students sort out all their ideas and feelings. Students are requested to indicate how a specific sentence may be corrected or improved or the way the organization or development of a paragraph may be strengthened. In this manner, it supplies the students a reason behind learning, for they are related to their lives. In conclusion, at the present moment school is a significant stage of my life. Generally, whenever someone is educated, they haven't only a feeling of self, but in addition a strong character. Every student demands help with homework from time to time. Even though you will face new tasks, a number of them will actually be quite familiar with you, and you'll have the ability to complete them successfully using knowledge and skills you currently have. Anyway, the shortage of suitable grammar makes the listeners drop respect to the speaker. In eighth grade, students utilize every phase of the writing procedur e and continue to construct their understanding of writing conventions. Hence, the majority of the moment, feedback can be regarded as a reinforcement, and plays an important role in reinforcing the superior learning habits of students.

Phineas Gage and the Role of the Brain in Cognitive...

Phineas Gage and the Role of the Brain in Cognitive Functioning BreAnne Warden PSY/360 December 5, 2011 Devlin Crose Phineas Gage and the Role of the Brain in Cognitive Functioning The brain plays a key role in cognitive functioning. Of the many areas in the brain, only certain areas have an impact on cognitive functioning. The case of a man named Phineas Gage showed key elements of specific areas in the brain that support certain cognitive functions. The traumatic brain injury that Phineas Gage suffered in 1848 has aided cognitive and neuropsychologists in making large strides in understanding the human mind. In the following work, the role of the brain in cognitive functioning will be examined and better explained. Examples†¦show more content†¦Phineas Gage worked as a blaster for the Rutland and Burlington Railroad project in 1848 (Grieve, 2010). While working for the railroad, one of Gage’s duties was using gunpowder and long iron rods to blast a hole into the rock so as to continue building the tracks (Grieve, 2010). In a seemingly careless action, a three foot tamping i ron was blown from the ground through Gage’s skull (Grieve, 2010). Instead of killing him, the tamping iron left a large hole all the way through the skull and brain of Phineas Gage (Grieve, 2010). It is clear that the injury sustained by Phineas Gage is no ordinary injury. According to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), the injury that was sustained by Phineas Gage can be classified as a traumatic brain injury or a TBI. A traumatic brain injury can be defined as â€Å"an injury that occurs when a sudden trauma causes damage to the brain† (NINDS, 2011). Depending on the severity of the injury to the brain, the symptoms of a traumatic brain injury can include headaches, confusion, vomiting, dizziness, instability of mood, fatigue, changes in behavior, and blurred vision amongst many other symptoms (NINDS, 2011). The traumatic brain injury that Phineas Gage suffered as a result of the tamping iron exploding from the ground caused obv ious immense damage to Gage’s brain (Grieve, 2010). A large portion of Gage’s brain was damaged when the tampingShow MoreRelatedPsy 360 Cognitive Functions and Phineas Gage994 Words   |  4 PagesCognitive Functions and Phineas Gage Sherrie Y. Saunders PSY 360 Evi Pover March 18, 2013 Cognitive Functions and Phineas Gage The discussion of this paper is the role of cognitive brain functions and Phineas Gage. The amazing story of Phineas Gage will be analyzed and the explanation of cognitive functioning in regard to his situation is very interesting and is also a major topic in this paper. Cognitive brain functions will be thoroughly examined in this paper as well. Read MoreThe Role of the Brain in Cognitive Functions: A Case Study1040 Words   |  4 Pages Introduction Neurosciences study of Cognitive Function is a relatively late phenomenon. As late as 1848, the accident and resulting injuries of Phineas Gage amazed the medical community. Furthermore, retrospective study of Gages injuries continues to yield new information about brain injury, personality and rehabilitation. Body: The Role of the Brain in Cognitive Functions Cognitive function is a series of intellectual processes whereby a person becomes aware of or comprehends ideasRead MoreRole of the Brain in Determining Cognitive Functioning1163 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The brain and its parts play a significant role in determining cognitive functioning. Cognitive functions may be defined as the abilities of a person to process information and thoughts. The brain consists of different areas, but only specific areas have an impact on cognitive functioning. The tragic case of a rail-road construction foreman known as Phineas Gage in 1848 showed the relation between certain areas of the brain and their support for specific cognitive functions. Phineas traumaticRead More An Evaluation of Case Studies and Their Contribution to Cognitive Neuropsychology as a Discipline2085 Words   |  9 PagesCognitive psychology is the study of the brains internal processes that guide behaviour; to study cognition, psychologists examine case studies of patients with damaged brains that can infer areas, and functions involved in particular processes. Patient studies have provided insights into the processes that take place within our minds, and have enabled psychologis ts to create models, which can be tested and fractionated. Cognitive neuropsychology has developed from cognitive psychology to becomeRead MoreThe Prehistory Of The Mind833 Words   |  4 Pageshumans from other primates and animals is our rationale, our ability to regulate emotions, and also the cognitive computational processes we have to understand complex social situations. In the book The Prehistory of the Mind, the author proposes that the evolution of the prefrontal cortex over the course of history is responsible for these executive processes that result in modern humanity’s cognitive fluidity -- the ability to combine and use intellectual information across specific domains (MithenRead More The Role of the Lesion Method in the Understanding of Healthy Brain Functions1578 Words   |  7 PagesUnderstanding the relationship between brain and behaviour has been of great phenomenon in the field of neuropsychology yet a compound one. Studying the effects of brain funct ions on human behaviour requires us to operate with methods that allow us to dissect different aspects of mental functions. This paper therefore addresses one of the ways of assessing brain functions in human and non-human animals; the lesion method (in Banich, 2004). The basic concept of the lesion method is to determine aRead MoreUnderstanding the Brain: The Case of Phineas Cage Essay examples1956 Words   |  8 Pageswith lesions affecting the dorsolateral prefontal cortex. In 1948 Phineas Gage, an American railroad construction foreman, was involved in a terrible accident during which a tamping iron was explosively forced upwards through his left cheek and exiting the top of his head (Harlow, 1948). He stunned his colleagues by not only surviving the event and swiftly regaining consciousness but by also by walking to a nearby cart. Gage regained many of his physical and mental abilities but remained alteredRead MorePsychological Perspectives: Abnormal Psychology2146 Words   |  9 PagesThis assignment is going to outline four approaches to psychology. The approaches are: psychodynamic, biological, cognitive and behavioural approaches. Psychodynamic approach studies unconscious activities in the mind to elaborate on human thoughts, feelings and behaviour (Bernistein, 2013). Freud was able to treat clients by making them recall negative aspects of their past through psychoanalytic techniques such as free association, dream interpretation and transference (Wollheim, 2008). AccordingRead MoreThe Biological Theory Of Psychology936 Words   |  4 Pagesat the functioning of the brain, nervous system (CNS), genetics or chemical processes. As an example, a person has aggressive issue and decide to seek help. The psychodynamic approach will assume the root cause of the aggression is from childhood experiences and unconsciousness urges. However, the biological approach will look at the biological roots that lie behind aggressive behaviours, they might consider genetic factors that contribute to such displays of behaviour, damages to the brain or nervousRead MoreEmotions, Emotion, Grief, Sadness, Anger, Outrage, Surprise, Happiness And Sadness1480 Words   |  6 PagesEmotions play a fundamental role in our everyday lives. As human beings we can experience many emotions throughout the day, for example, we may experience sadness when given bad news, but experience happiness when given good news. Like most psychological phenomena’s, emotions are recognised fairly easily but are difficult to define. How can we define happiness, sadness or fear in a way that everyone can agree? According to Hockenbury et al (2007) emo tions are â€Å"complex psychological states that involve

Tony Fernandes free essay sample

Introduction Tan Sri Anthony Franicis Fernandes or knows as Tony Fernandes is a Malaysian entrepreneur in airline business. He is the founder of Tune Air Sdn. Bhd. who introduced the first budget no-frills airline, AirAsia, to Malaysian with the motto of â€Å"Now everyone can fly†. With his innovation, he is successful to turn a failing government-linked, DRB-Hicom commercial airline into a highly successful budget airline public listed company. (Air Asia, 2005) 1. 1 Background Tony was born in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia in 1964 to an Indian Goan father and Malacca Portuguese mother. His father was a communist doctor while his mother is a business women. When he was young he used to follow his mother a business women in selling Tupperware around Malaysia. He was educated at Epsom College from 1997-1983 and graduated from London School of Economics in 1987. (Sen Z. amp; Ng, J. , 2008) Although Tony grew up in a middle-class Malaysian family, Tony’s early thinking was shaped by the British education system. We will write a custom essay sample on Tony Fernandes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He was about 12 when his parents sent him to boarding school in England, where he lived and worked well into early adulthood. Boarding school had brought a huge culture shock for him, but he has always been adjustable, so he managed to survive it. Moreover Tony is very good at sports, therefore it makes things easier for him to solve since everyone there was a foreigner and he managed to break the ice between them. He also said that he can be put anywhere in the world, and he will be able to get on with people around. (Sen Z. amp; Ng, J. , 2008) Tony studied accounting but he became an auditor in Virgin Atlantic after graduating from the London School of Economics (LSE) in 1987. However the job was seems to boring for his adventurous spirit and he gave it up after six months working there. Then he started to looked for something more exciting, and set his sights on the music industry since he love music. He is an amateur guitarist and enjoys playing the keyboard and the drums. (Sen Z. amp; Ng, J. , 2008) After resignation of auditing job, he sent his resume to record companies. And finally he got employed as the financial controller for Richard Brandson’s Virgin Records in London from 1987 to 1989. After that, he moved to Warner Music International London and become the senior financial analyst till 1992. Tony transferred to Malaysia as General Manager of Warner Malaysia. Within six months, he was appointed managing director, becoming the youngest candidate in the company’s history to hold the post. In August 1996, he became Regional Managing Director Tony Fernandes free essay sample When Time Warner Inc. merged with America Online Inc. , he quitted andstarts his journey to fulfill his childhood dream. This idea is generated when he was studyingin England and wanted to go home during term break but was rejected by his father becausethe flights tickets are expensive. Later, he started a company under the name of TuneAir Sdn. Bhd to take over AirAsia, Malaysia’s second national carrier with the tagline â€Å"now everyonecan fly†. I like his idea that everyone can fly because not much people afford to go overseaswhen the flight ticket are expensive, especially it happens when only one company dominatethe market. He was awarded a lot of honour such as Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) honour, Forbes Asia Businessman 2010, Officer of the Legion d’ Honneur andso on as recognition to his contributions to the community in each country. I think Tony Fernandes possessed good leadership because he is able to react tochallenges and does not give up easily. We will write a custom essay sample on Tony Fernandes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page From the material I got in the internet, it was a bigchallenge for him to start up because situation at that time was terrible and was widelyassumed that the low-cost model will fail. However, Tony Fernandes predicted that Asiawould face economy downturn and he could take this opportunity. The biggest challenge inhis pathway to succeed in turning AirAsia from a fledging government-link commercialairline to a highly successful public-listed international company is the proposing of the ideaof openskies agreements with Thailand, Indonesia and Singapore in 2003, which our country didn’t have before . He tried to reduce the cost, waste and unnecessary expenses to enable hiscompany to promote more low-cost flights for everyone, with the tagline â€Å"now everyone canfly† which I think it is not easy for any company. He keeps the costs low by utilizing onlineservice to sell tickets, not offering meals for short distance flights, shorten the time betweenlanding and takeoff to have maximum flights per day and last but not least increasing the lifespan of the parts of airplane by good maintenance and pilot’s flying techniques (i. e. tires thatcan last for 180 landings compare to 70 landings previously). As a leader in a company, he isopen-minded and ready to listen to employee’s opinion because staffs are nearer and able todiscover the problems easier. He said: â€Å"My staffs are my greatest asset. I know every one of them by name and we all share the same passion. I pay them well and we are transparent. † The personality on Tony Fernandes that I admire is ambitious. We have the similarsituation that people thought that our dreams are unrealistic but he dares to realize his dreamscompare to me which only dare to dream of my dreams. He dreamt to own an airport when hewas young and everyone thinks that it is stupid and unrealistic. He decided to pursue hisdream when he is in 36 years old when he saw an advertisement of Easy Jet on Television. His motto is â€Å"believe the unbelievable, dream the impossible and never take no for an answer†. With this believe, he bought AirAsia by paying RM1 each for 51. 68 million sharesand the assumption of fifty percents of the net liabilities of AirAsia. In other words, AirAsia is indebt before he bought it and he had spent only one year to clear all the debt and had led AirAsia to become th e world’s best low cost airline and largest in Asia in eight years which isonly $3. 21 per seat kilometre. Besides, I saw Tony Fernandes thinks, look and do things different from others thatmade his life different. Three days after he signed the deal with DBR-Hicom for AirAsia, the world’s airline industry was severely affected by the tragedy happened on 11 th September2001. Everyone thinks that Tony Fernandes will fail miserably because nobody would fly butTony Fernandes think that aircraft leasing cost reduces 40% and layoffs meant that qualified staffs were readily available. He believes by promoting cut-rate flight that save money and time during tight economy can attract Malaysian instead of having luxury services in flights. Tony Fernandes are able to shift his thinking quickly to find and react to opportunities. He isable to look at the world beyond and view something new as it is shown in second half year2008, where he decided to take the advantage of unwind fuel hedges before his competitorsdo so and now AirAsia is getting the full benefit of oil at $40 a barrel which is cheaper thanhis competitors. It can be seen that Tony Fernandes always wear a baseball cap, open neck shirt and jeans because he thinks that everyone is equal and hierarchy should be eliminated,which is seldom seen in Asia. AirAsia employs pilots that started as a baggage handlers andstewards, as well as Tony Fernandes, he spends a day as a baggage handler every months,cabin crew every two months, check-in clerk every three months. I think this will help him to generate more ideas in enhancing the airline services because he is able to observe more problems instead of hiding in the office without approaching the real service line. Whensomeone asked him for the secret of his success, he said: â€Å"I decided that I would run theairline my way, not as others might†. Another characteristic that I wish to learn from Tony Fernandes is being a risk-taker. In his 37, Tony Fernandes drove a company Jaguar, had a $10000 stereo system in the officeand opportunities to fly around the world with artist and entertainment executives but he haddecided to quit his job, mortgaged his home, and used up his savings and brought investorsfrom outside to develop the AirAsia to fulfil his childhood dream. Even before September11 th , the world’s airlines were already in trouble; his move to revived Malaysia’s loss -makingsecond airline is seen to be impossible as the previous owners have failed to save thecompany after spending two years.